Joint expedition with Alex Mzungu and Russian geographical society: reconstruction of traditional caravan from the Eye of Sahara to the holy city of Chinguetti by ancient Trans-Saharan route
MAURITANIA
MAURITANIA
January 10 – 21, 2027
Mauritania
tour to Mauritania
*IN COLLABORATION WITH THE RUSSIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY
Mauritania
tour to Mauritania
*IN COLLABORATION WITH THE RUSSIAN GEOGRAPHICAL SOCIETY
tour to mauritania nouakshot sand dunes longest train imraguen fishermen
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Journey far beyond the tourist trail to where history is etched in stone and whispered by desert winds. This is a 160 kilometers Saharan odyssey, beginning with the geological enigma of the Richat Structure — the "Eye of Sahara". We will trek across concentric rings older than humanity, navigating stone plateaus and the towering dunes of Erg Ouarane alongside a traditional camel caravan and true Berber guides. We will fully reconstruct traditional camel caravan, walk the exact paths of 14th century salt caravans, find respite in life-giving oases like Tenouchert, and culminate our pilgrimage at the UNESCO listed city of Chinguetti, the "Sorbonne of the Desert."
It is a profound, meditative journey that will connect us with the deep rhythm of the Sahara and the spirit of the great trans-Saharan caravans. This expedition is one of a kind; it is a transformative passage through one of Earth’s last great wildernesses, where one can find new artefact every hour. It is for the traveler who seeks not just to see, but to take a challenge in order to feel — the silence of 100 million years, the accomplishment of a desert crossing, and the profound hospitality of a culture shaped by the sands.
In the joint expedition of MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS, the Russian Geographical Society, the team is accompanied by team leader Alexey Kolbov (Mzungu), an expert of the Russian Geographical Society, and professional ethnographer, practicing scientist in the African history and anthropology.
Participants of the expedition will be able to observe how scientists work in the field, collect ethnographic materials, and hear a series of lectures by the scientists. The lectures will cover such topics as nomadic cultures of Northern Africa, history and archaeology of Sahara, and others.
All participants will learn to see culture from the outside and inside, combining the view of a representative of the local community and an outsider.
The results of the research and impressions are expected to be presented at a seminar at the RGS Headquarters in St. Petersburg and in scientific publications.
It is a profound, meditative journey that will connect us with the deep rhythm of the Sahara and the spirit of the great trans-Saharan caravans. This expedition is one of a kind; it is a transformative passage through one of Earth’s last great wildernesses, where one can find new artefact every hour. It is for the traveler who seeks not just to see, but to take a challenge in order to feel — the silence of 100 million years, the accomplishment of a desert crossing, and the profound hospitality of a culture shaped by the sands.
In the joint expedition of MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS, the Russian Geographical Society, the team is accompanied by team leader Alexey Kolbov (Mzungu), an expert of the Russian Geographical Society, and professional ethnographer, practicing scientist in the African history and anthropology.
Participants of the expedition will be able to observe how scientists work in the field, collect ethnographic materials, and hear a series of lectures by the scientists. The lectures will cover such topics as nomadic cultures of Northern Africa, history and archaeology of Sahara, and others.
All participants will learn to see culture from the outside and inside, combining the view of a representative of the local community and an outsider.
The results of the research and impressions are expected to be presented at a seminar at the RGS Headquarters in St. Petersburg and in scientific publications.
SCHEDULE AND COST:
Dates: January 10 – 21, 2027
Duration: 12 days / 10 nights
Number of participants: 8 – 12
Cost per person:
— 4 190 EUR subject to 12 participants, or
— 4 350 EUR subject to 11 participants, or
— 4 490 EUR subject to 10 participants, or
— 4 690 EUR subject to 9 participants or
— 4 890 EUR subject to 8 participants.
10% early booking discount (in case you book before May 10, 2026)
Everything is included (also full board), except for:
— international flight to Nouakchott roundtrip
— Mauritania visa (obtained on arrival in the airport at some 55 EUR)
— international medical insurance.
Estimated cost of international flight Moscow – Nouakchott – Moscow: 600 — 1000 EUR (to be bought on your own. We consult you).
Estimated cost of international flight Istanbul – Nouakchott – Istanbul: 600 — 800 (to be bought on your own. We consult you).
Single accommodation: 190 EUR (provided upon request only in the hotels in Chinguetti, Atar and Nouakchott)
TRAVEL PROGRAM: tour to Mauritania
Day 1. January 10, 2027 (Sunday). NOUAKCHOTT – ATAR (440 km, 7 hrs)
Early morning arrival by air in Nouakchott, capital of Mauritania. Nouakchott, located on the shore of Atlantic Ocean, smells of salt and grilled fish. Here the chaos of Africa is meeting the silence of the sands.
Airport pickup and transfer to the National Museum of Mauritania. National Museum was founded in 1972, houses archaeological and ethnographical collections of the country. It displays artifacts from the ancient cities, alongside traditional costumes and tools. This collection will give us an idea of what is the place we go with our expedition. In the remote places of Adrar many artefacts still scattered on the desert plains of Sahara. And we have all chances to find them every day.
Briefing and gear check. If needed, we shortly visit the market. Before lunch, we depart from the capital by 4x4 jeeps to the Adrar region. Sahara is advancing to the south of continent as fast as 10 km a year, and the area to the east of Nouakchott is significantly buried under the sand.
It is at least 7 hours’ drive (with few stops for photography) before we reach Atar, the city surrounded by big sand dunes of Azouega.
Lunch and most probably sunset on the way. Late arrival and overnight in one of the best auberges in Atar.
Meals included: lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Atar, twin accommodation
* Recommended flight:
— with Air Maroc, departs from Moscow at 8:20 am on January 9, with 4 hours 25 minutes stopover in Casablanca, arrives in Nouakchott at 18:55 on January 9 (extra night in the hotel in Nouakchott is needed and to be paid. Upon your request we can book hotel The Best Semiramis 4*),
— with Turkish Airlines, departs from Moscow at 2:05 am on January 9, with 2 hours 10 minutes stopover in Istanbul, arrives in Nouakchott on January 9 at 12:45 pm on January 9 (extra night in the hotel in Nouakchott required and to be paid. Upon your request we can book hotel The Best Semiramis 4*),
— with Emirates and Air Maroc, departs from Asmara at 23:10 am on January 8, arrives in Dubai at 3:45 am on January 9 (3 hours 40 minutes stopover in Dubai), departs from Dubai at 7:25 am on January 9, arrives in Casablanca at 13:10 on January 9 (3 hours 50 minutes stopover in Casablanca), departs from Casablanca at 17:00 on January 9, arrives in Nouakchott at 18:55 on January 9 (for those who travels from Eritrea, extra night in the hotel in Nouakchott required and to be paid. Upon your request we can book hotel The Best Semiramis 4*),
— any other flight with arrival in Nouakchott no later than at 7:00 am on January 10.
Day 2. January 11, 2027 (Monday). ATAR – OUADANE – CENTER OF THE EYE OF SAHARA (220 km by cars, 5 – 6 hours driving)
After breakfast, continue by our 4WD jeeps deep to the Adrar region in order to cover 220 km more. After reaching historical city of Ouadane, part of the way will be gone off-road, so it may take up to 6 hours with stops.
Finally meet the caravan in the Richat Structure also known as the Eye of Sahara.
We will have time in order to settle in this unique place and have a briefing on our upcoming trekking. From here and on, we will be constantly encountering various artefacts, and our guide will definitely explain us the meanings.
Our first bivouac will be in the center of "The Eye” in total silence.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping
Day 3. January 12, 2027 (Tuesday). CENTER OF THE EYE OF SAHARA – CONCENTRIC RINGS – SOUTHERN RIM OF RICHAT STRUCTURE (22 km, 6.5 hours trekking)
We meet the sunrise in the very center of the Eye of Sahara – a 100-million-years-old geological mystery once mistaken for Atlantis.
The Richat Structure, known as the Eye of the Sahara, is a mesmerizing geological marvel etched into the Mauritanian desert. From above, its vast, concentric rings resemble a giant cosmic bullseye, silently gazing at the sky.
At 7 we have breakfast from our caravan chef normally consisted of nomad’s coffee and tea, hot porridge, omelette, fruits and fresh bread with honey, dates and dates’ sirop – a source of vegetarian protein.
We start walking by camelbacks from the centre crossing the inner concentric rings of the Richat. The ground is ancient stone and volcanic remains. Feeling the scale of deep time. We are walking inside a planet-scale landmark visible from the moon!
We make long, at least 2 hours, stop for cold lunch (light, fresh salads with lentils, tuna, vegetables, Berber omelette, followed by fruits and tea) and the siesta – sacred rest on the mats laid out in the shade.
Afternoon walk and well-deserved dinner from our Berber chef and guide: warm soup Chorba typically followed by a main feast – couscous, camel stew, or rice with "Desert Pesto" tagines.
Wild camping under the southern rim of the structure. Big Mauritanian tents or, if you wish, in the open air under the stars.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping
Day 4. January 13, 2027 (Wednesday). SOUTHERN RIM OF RICHAT STRUCTURE – OUADANE (23 km, 7 hours trekking)
Having early breakfast and we meet our new friends – camel guides and lovely personal camels. All the day your camel stays with you, every moment ready to pick you up or let you walk once you prefer so. The seats of Mauritanian camels are comfortable and truly designed for long rides, but from time to time you will get tired of being mounted on the animal and would like to feel freedom and challenge yourself for walking.
The same itinerary with long siesta in order to finish before sunset.
We are approaching the cliffs of Ouadane – the outpost of knowledge. Also known as "Port of the Desert", since 1147, it was the gateway for gold, salt and manuscripts.
Traditional meals from the grandmother food from the caravan chef.
Overnight at the auberge, in near the palm groves of the lower old city. We have chance to take cold shower.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Ouadane
Day 5. January 14, 2027 (Thursday). OUADANE – ERG OUARANE (24 km, 7.5 hours trekking)
We meet the sunrise is the old city of Ouadane where time has stopped.
Nestled against a dramatic cliffside in the Mauritanian desert, the ancient city of Ouadane emerges like a mirage of golden stone. A UNESCO World Heritage site, its silent, labyrinthine streets and historic mosques whisper centuries of Saharan caravan history.
Early start at 7:30 and long walking day enjoying the desert and the company.
First contact with sand. We are leaving the stone plateau for the massive dunes. High physical demand.
We find ourselves in the "point of no return" – the horizon turns into an orange ocean of sand.
After nice dinner, overnight in bivouac among high dunes in Erg Ouarane where you’d not find any artificial light for 100 km around.
We use solar panels in order to charge our cameras and drones – tomorrow we’ll have the most scenic walk.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping or in the open air under the stars
Day 6. January 15, 2027 (Friday). ERG OUARANE DUNES (21 km, 6 hours trekking)
Lovely sunrise among the huge dunes and breakfast to get ready for very beautiful walk.
Today all day we are in Erg Ouarane. Erg Ouarane in the Adrar region forms an immense sea of golden dunes, stretching over 500 kilometers of uninterrupted, windswept sand. A true frontier of emptiness, it is one of the world's most active sources for major dust storms, shaping the atmosphere far beyond the Sahara itself.
We navigating the "Gassis" – the corridors between dunes.
The landscapes are smashing. We are finding the rhythm. The body stops complaining; the mind starts wandering. This is the "Meditative phase".
Camping deep in the Erg Ouarane, where we will arrange “Sahara-style shower”. Traditional bread baked in the sand and dinner.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping or in the open air under the stars
Day 7. January 16, 2027 (Saturday). ERG OUARANE DUNES – OUED LAZARETT (22 km, 7 hours trekking)
Another day in the infinite sands with deep desert isolation.
Today we are in pure desert navigation using shadows and dune shapes. We for sure have Starlink and Iridium satellite phone for security, but we mainly rely on our senior camel guides who can find the way out where no one else can. This is traditional camel caravan, with traditional people, traditional cuisine, traditional details and its true spirit.
Following the great caravan leader, our guide, we are walking the exact path of the 14th century salt caravans. And we can truly feel it.
Tasty dinner from our caravan leader and chef and overnight in our new camp under the brightest stars on Earth!
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping or in the open air under the stars
Day 8. January 17, 2027 (Sunday). LA GUEILA DUNES OF ERG OUARANE– TENOUCHERT OASIS (21 km, 6.5 hours trekking)
After breakfast, we make another effort to hit the road. Our way today goes through the desert of mixed sand and stone, and it is something we got used to for the last few days.
After long siesta with traditional Sahara tea (very strong and sweet, enriched with oxygen), and afternoon trekking, arrival at Tenouchert Oasis. The shock of seeing green. We encounter drinking water from a well that has saved travellers for 800 years. This is why it is known as “Miracle of Tenouchert”.
The Tenouchert oasis is a serene haven of towering palm groves, dramatically set in the open dunes of the Ouarane Erg between the ancient caravan cities of Chinguetti and Ouadane. Historically a vital stop for trans-Saharan caravans, it is now inhabited seasonally, with visitors welcomed with legendary Mauritanian hospitality, music evenings, and the local specialty “ksur” – a dish of meat, vegetables, and couscous in mini-crêpes.
Bivouac at the edge of the palm grove. Cultural exchange with the semi nomads of the oasis.
Sleep under the stars or in “Sahara tents”.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping
Day 9. January 18, 2027 (Monday). TENOUCHERT OASIS – CHINGUETTI (17 km, 6 hours trekking)
After sunrise and very early breakfast in Tenouchert Oasis, we make a final push to Chinguetti. The last 17 km stretch is gonna be covered before lunch.
Our caravan is reaching its goal as it was thousand years ago! The 160 km goal is met today as we finally enter the Chinguetti – the 7th Holy City of Islam.
Chinguetti, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was historically known as the "Sorbonne of the Desert" and a critical hub for Islamic scholars, pilgrims, and trans-Saharan caravans. It is famed for its centuries-old family libraries that safeguard thousands of priceless medieval manuscripts on religion, science, and law. With its iconic 13th-century sandstone mosque, the city is often considered one of Islam's seven holy cities and is now a striking monument where encroaching desert sands meet living history.
We explore the 900-years-old stone mosque and the private libraries holding ancient Greek and Islamic manuscripts. Librarian will give us a history lesson about the town and what it means to the country historically.
Overnight in auberge. The first real shower in 8 days.
Emotional team dinner in the historical city.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Chinguetti, twin accommodation
Day 10. January 19, 2027 (Tuesday). CHINGUETTI
Well-deserved full rest as it was in medieval times with scholars and caravan guides who finished their way in Chinguetti.
Deep dive into Chinguetti’s history. Wandering the "Sinking City" as the dunes slowly bury the old houses. Sahara is advancing southward very fast, and Chinguetti is a vivid example of this acquisition. – Chinguetti is being buried under the sands of Sahara year after year. We will for sure meet some local people to take atmosphere pictures and buy some authentic souvenirs.
Tonight, we will be immersed into traditional musical performing by the igaawin (hereditary musician). The music of Mauritania comes predominantly from the country's largest ethnic group – the Moors. In Moorish society musicians occupy the lowest caste, iggawin. Musicians from this caste used song to praise successful warriors as well as their patrons. Iggawin also had the traditional role of messengers, spreading news between villages. In modern Mauritania, professional musicians are paid by anybody to perform.
Dinner and overnight in our Auberge in Chinguetti.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Chinguetti, twin accommodation
Day 11. January 20, 2027 (Wednesday). CHINGUETTI – TERJIT – NOUAKCHOTT (535 km by cars, 8 – 9 hours driving)
Breakfast and farewell with Chinguetti – the first old historical city of Mauritania, also recognized a UNESCO World Heritage site and for sure the most beautiful and intriguing of all 4 ancient cities of Mauritania.
Today we again jump in our 4x4 jeeps and hit the road toward the capital city. Short drive to Terjit Oasis. Explore this hidden paradise with hot and cold springs tucked in a canyon. Washing away the desert dust in natural pools. A sensory rebirth.
Nestled in a gorge on the edge of the Adrar plateau, Terjit Oasis is a lush sanctuary where a natural spring feeds a flowing stream and a palm grove, creating a life-giving haven in the Sahara. Historically, this special place has been used for significant religious and wedding ceremonies, and is even said to have been the site for the coronation of African princes.
Long way to Nouakchott and rest in our hotel The Best Semiramis 4*.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: hotel The Best Semiramis 4* or similar, twin accommodation
Day 12. January 21, 2027 (Thursday). NOUAKCHOTT – RETURN FLIGHT
Breakfast in the hotel and last stroll to the city, seeing the ocean after 12 days of sand. The realization that you have accomplished a journey few humans ever attempt.
Explore the famous Port de Pêche and Nouakchott fish market. Founded as the new capital for a newly independent nation in 1960, Nouakchott was built from a small fishing village into a sprawling, modern city at the edge of the Sahara Desert. One of the largest cities in the Sahara, it is a fascinating coastal hub where we can experience the vibrant life of its bustling fish market and watch the colorful pirogues come ashore.
From the Atlantic shore we drive back to the hotel for check-out and transfer to the airport.
In the afternoon, international flight back from the country.
Meals included: breakfast
Accommodation: no
* Recommended flight:
— with Air Maroc, departs from Nouakchott on January 21 at 19:55 to Casablanca, layover 16 hours 55 minutes in Casablanca, arrival in Moscow at 0:50 am om January 21,
— with Turkish Airlines, departs from Nouakchott on January 21 at 21:10 to Istanbul, stopover in Istanbul 1 hour 40 minutes, arrival on Moscow at 12:25 on January 21,
— any other flight with departure from Nouakchott not earlier than at 15:00 on January 21.
Duration: 12 days / 10 nights
Number of participants: 8 – 12
Cost per person:
— 4 190 EUR subject to 12 participants, or
— 4 350 EUR subject to 11 participants, or
— 4 490 EUR subject to 10 participants, or
— 4 690 EUR subject to 9 participants or
— 4 890 EUR subject to 8 participants.
10% early booking discount (in case you book before May 10, 2026)
Everything is included (also full board), except for:
— international flight to Nouakchott roundtrip
— Mauritania visa (obtained on arrival in the airport at some 55 EUR)
— international medical insurance.
Estimated cost of international flight Moscow – Nouakchott – Moscow: 600 — 1000 EUR (to be bought on your own. We consult you).
Estimated cost of international flight Istanbul – Nouakchott – Istanbul: 600 — 800 (to be bought on your own. We consult you).
Single accommodation: 190 EUR (provided upon request only in the hotels in Chinguetti, Atar and Nouakchott)
TRAVEL PROGRAM: tour to Mauritania
Day 1. January 10, 2027 (Sunday). NOUAKCHOTT – ATAR (440 km, 7 hrs)
Early morning arrival by air in Nouakchott, capital of Mauritania. Nouakchott, located on the shore of Atlantic Ocean, smells of salt and grilled fish. Here the chaos of Africa is meeting the silence of the sands.
Airport pickup and transfer to the National Museum of Mauritania. National Museum was founded in 1972, houses archaeological and ethnographical collections of the country. It displays artifacts from the ancient cities, alongside traditional costumes and tools. This collection will give us an idea of what is the place we go with our expedition. In the remote places of Adrar many artefacts still scattered on the desert plains of Sahara. And we have all chances to find them every day.
Briefing and gear check. If needed, we shortly visit the market. Before lunch, we depart from the capital by 4x4 jeeps to the Adrar region. Sahara is advancing to the south of continent as fast as 10 km a year, and the area to the east of Nouakchott is significantly buried under the sand.
It is at least 7 hours’ drive (with few stops for photography) before we reach Atar, the city surrounded by big sand dunes of Azouega.
Lunch and most probably sunset on the way. Late arrival and overnight in one of the best auberges in Atar.
Meals included: lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Atar, twin accommodation
* Recommended flight:
— with Air Maroc, departs from Moscow at 8:20 am on January 9, with 4 hours 25 minutes stopover in Casablanca, arrives in Nouakchott at 18:55 on January 9 (extra night in the hotel in Nouakchott is needed and to be paid. Upon your request we can book hotel The Best Semiramis 4*),
— with Turkish Airlines, departs from Moscow at 2:05 am on January 9, with 2 hours 10 minutes stopover in Istanbul, arrives in Nouakchott on January 9 at 12:45 pm on January 9 (extra night in the hotel in Nouakchott required and to be paid. Upon your request we can book hotel The Best Semiramis 4*),
— with Emirates and Air Maroc, departs from Asmara at 23:10 am on January 8, arrives in Dubai at 3:45 am on January 9 (3 hours 40 minutes stopover in Dubai), departs from Dubai at 7:25 am on January 9, arrives in Casablanca at 13:10 on January 9 (3 hours 50 minutes stopover in Casablanca), departs from Casablanca at 17:00 on January 9, arrives in Nouakchott at 18:55 on January 9 (for those who travels from Eritrea, extra night in the hotel in Nouakchott required and to be paid. Upon your request we can book hotel The Best Semiramis 4*),
— any other flight with arrival in Nouakchott no later than at 7:00 am on January 10.
Day 2. January 11, 2027 (Monday). ATAR – OUADANE – CENTER OF THE EYE OF SAHARA (220 km by cars, 5 – 6 hours driving)
After breakfast, continue by our 4WD jeeps deep to the Adrar region in order to cover 220 km more. After reaching historical city of Ouadane, part of the way will be gone off-road, so it may take up to 6 hours with stops.
Finally meet the caravan in the Richat Structure also known as the Eye of Sahara.
We will have time in order to settle in this unique place and have a briefing on our upcoming trekking. From here and on, we will be constantly encountering various artefacts, and our guide will definitely explain us the meanings.
Our first bivouac will be in the center of "The Eye” in total silence.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping
Day 3. January 12, 2027 (Tuesday). CENTER OF THE EYE OF SAHARA – CONCENTRIC RINGS – SOUTHERN RIM OF RICHAT STRUCTURE (22 km, 6.5 hours trekking)
We meet the sunrise in the very center of the Eye of Sahara – a 100-million-years-old geological mystery once mistaken for Atlantis.
The Richat Structure, known as the Eye of the Sahara, is a mesmerizing geological marvel etched into the Mauritanian desert. From above, its vast, concentric rings resemble a giant cosmic bullseye, silently gazing at the sky.
At 7 we have breakfast from our caravan chef normally consisted of nomad’s coffee and tea, hot porridge, omelette, fruits and fresh bread with honey, dates and dates’ sirop – a source of vegetarian protein.
We start walking by camelbacks from the centre crossing the inner concentric rings of the Richat. The ground is ancient stone and volcanic remains. Feeling the scale of deep time. We are walking inside a planet-scale landmark visible from the moon!
We make long, at least 2 hours, stop for cold lunch (light, fresh salads with lentils, tuna, vegetables, Berber omelette, followed by fruits and tea) and the siesta – sacred rest on the mats laid out in the shade.
Afternoon walk and well-deserved dinner from our Berber chef and guide: warm soup Chorba typically followed by a main feast – couscous, camel stew, or rice with "Desert Pesto" tagines.
Wild camping under the southern rim of the structure. Big Mauritanian tents or, if you wish, in the open air under the stars.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping
Day 4. January 13, 2027 (Wednesday). SOUTHERN RIM OF RICHAT STRUCTURE – OUADANE (23 km, 7 hours trekking)
Having early breakfast and we meet our new friends – camel guides and lovely personal camels. All the day your camel stays with you, every moment ready to pick you up or let you walk once you prefer so. The seats of Mauritanian camels are comfortable and truly designed for long rides, but from time to time you will get tired of being mounted on the animal and would like to feel freedom and challenge yourself for walking.
The same itinerary with long siesta in order to finish before sunset.
We are approaching the cliffs of Ouadane – the outpost of knowledge. Also known as "Port of the Desert", since 1147, it was the gateway for gold, salt and manuscripts.
Traditional meals from the grandmother food from the caravan chef.
Overnight at the auberge, in near the palm groves of the lower old city. We have chance to take cold shower.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Ouadane
Day 5. January 14, 2027 (Thursday). OUADANE – ERG OUARANE (24 km, 7.5 hours trekking)
We meet the sunrise is the old city of Ouadane where time has stopped.
Nestled against a dramatic cliffside in the Mauritanian desert, the ancient city of Ouadane emerges like a mirage of golden stone. A UNESCO World Heritage site, its silent, labyrinthine streets and historic mosques whisper centuries of Saharan caravan history.
Early start at 7:30 and long walking day enjoying the desert and the company.
First contact with sand. We are leaving the stone plateau for the massive dunes. High physical demand.
We find ourselves in the "point of no return" – the horizon turns into an orange ocean of sand.
After nice dinner, overnight in bivouac among high dunes in Erg Ouarane where you’d not find any artificial light for 100 km around.
We use solar panels in order to charge our cameras and drones – tomorrow we’ll have the most scenic walk.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping or in the open air under the stars
Day 6. January 15, 2027 (Friday). ERG OUARANE DUNES (21 km, 6 hours trekking)
Lovely sunrise among the huge dunes and breakfast to get ready for very beautiful walk.
Today all day we are in Erg Ouarane. Erg Ouarane in the Adrar region forms an immense sea of golden dunes, stretching over 500 kilometers of uninterrupted, windswept sand. A true frontier of emptiness, it is one of the world's most active sources for major dust storms, shaping the atmosphere far beyond the Sahara itself.
We navigating the "Gassis" – the corridors between dunes.
The landscapes are smashing. We are finding the rhythm. The body stops complaining; the mind starts wandering. This is the "Meditative phase".
Camping deep in the Erg Ouarane, where we will arrange “Sahara-style shower”. Traditional bread baked in the sand and dinner.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping or in the open air under the stars
Day 7. January 16, 2027 (Saturday). ERG OUARANE DUNES – OUED LAZARETT (22 km, 7 hours trekking)
Another day in the infinite sands with deep desert isolation.
Today we are in pure desert navigation using shadows and dune shapes. We for sure have Starlink and Iridium satellite phone for security, but we mainly rely on our senior camel guides who can find the way out where no one else can. This is traditional camel caravan, with traditional people, traditional cuisine, traditional details and its true spirit.
Following the great caravan leader, our guide, we are walking the exact path of the 14th century salt caravans. And we can truly feel it.
Tasty dinner from our caravan leader and chef and overnight in our new camp under the brightest stars on Earth!
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping or in the open air under the stars
Day 8. January 17, 2027 (Sunday). LA GUEILA DUNES OF ERG OUARANE– TENOUCHERT OASIS (21 km, 6.5 hours trekking)
After breakfast, we make another effort to hit the road. Our way today goes through the desert of mixed sand and stone, and it is something we got used to for the last few days.
After long siesta with traditional Sahara tea (very strong and sweet, enriched with oxygen), and afternoon trekking, arrival at Tenouchert Oasis. The shock of seeing green. We encounter drinking water from a well that has saved travellers for 800 years. This is why it is known as “Miracle of Tenouchert”.
The Tenouchert oasis is a serene haven of towering palm groves, dramatically set in the open dunes of the Ouarane Erg between the ancient caravan cities of Chinguetti and Ouadane. Historically a vital stop for trans-Saharan caravans, it is now inhabited seasonally, with visitors welcomed with legendary Mauritanian hospitality, music evenings, and the local specialty “ksur” – a dish of meat, vegetables, and couscous in mini-crêpes.
Bivouac at the edge of the palm grove. Cultural exchange with the semi nomads of the oasis.
Sleep under the stars or in “Sahara tents”.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: traditional Mauritanian tents in camping
Day 9. January 18, 2027 (Monday). TENOUCHERT OASIS – CHINGUETTI (17 km, 6 hours trekking)
After sunrise and very early breakfast in Tenouchert Oasis, we make a final push to Chinguetti. The last 17 km stretch is gonna be covered before lunch.
Our caravan is reaching its goal as it was thousand years ago! The 160 km goal is met today as we finally enter the Chinguetti – the 7th Holy City of Islam.
Chinguetti, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was historically known as the "Sorbonne of the Desert" and a critical hub for Islamic scholars, pilgrims, and trans-Saharan caravans. It is famed for its centuries-old family libraries that safeguard thousands of priceless medieval manuscripts on religion, science, and law. With its iconic 13th-century sandstone mosque, the city is often considered one of Islam's seven holy cities and is now a striking monument where encroaching desert sands meet living history.
We explore the 900-years-old stone mosque and the private libraries holding ancient Greek and Islamic manuscripts. Librarian will give us a history lesson about the town and what it means to the country historically.
Overnight in auberge. The first real shower in 8 days.
Emotional team dinner in the historical city.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Chinguetti, twin accommodation
Day 10. January 19, 2027 (Tuesday). CHINGUETTI
Well-deserved full rest as it was in medieval times with scholars and caravan guides who finished their way in Chinguetti.
Deep dive into Chinguetti’s history. Wandering the "Sinking City" as the dunes slowly bury the old houses. Sahara is advancing southward very fast, and Chinguetti is a vivid example of this acquisition. – Chinguetti is being buried under the sands of Sahara year after year. We will for sure meet some local people to take atmosphere pictures and buy some authentic souvenirs.
Tonight, we will be immersed into traditional musical performing by the igaawin (hereditary musician). The music of Mauritania comes predominantly from the country's largest ethnic group – the Moors. In Moorish society musicians occupy the lowest caste, iggawin. Musicians from this caste used song to praise successful warriors as well as their patrons. Iggawin also had the traditional role of messengers, spreading news between villages. In modern Mauritania, professional musicians are paid by anybody to perform.
Dinner and overnight in our Auberge in Chinguetti.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: one of the best auberges (guest house) in Chinguetti, twin accommodation
Day 11. January 20, 2027 (Wednesday). CHINGUETTI – TERJIT – NOUAKCHOTT (535 km by cars, 8 – 9 hours driving)
Breakfast and farewell with Chinguetti – the first old historical city of Mauritania, also recognized a UNESCO World Heritage site and for sure the most beautiful and intriguing of all 4 ancient cities of Mauritania.
Today we again jump in our 4x4 jeeps and hit the road toward the capital city. Short drive to Terjit Oasis. Explore this hidden paradise with hot and cold springs tucked in a canyon. Washing away the desert dust in natural pools. A sensory rebirth.
Nestled in a gorge on the edge of the Adrar plateau, Terjit Oasis is a lush sanctuary where a natural spring feeds a flowing stream and a palm grove, creating a life-giving haven in the Sahara. Historically, this special place has been used for significant religious and wedding ceremonies, and is even said to have been the site for the coronation of African princes.
Long way to Nouakchott and rest in our hotel The Best Semiramis 4*.
Meals included: breakfast, lunch, dinner
Accommodation: hotel The Best Semiramis 4* or similar, twin accommodation
Day 12. January 21, 2027 (Thursday). NOUAKCHOTT – RETURN FLIGHT
Breakfast in the hotel and last stroll to the city, seeing the ocean after 12 days of sand. The realization that you have accomplished a journey few humans ever attempt.
Explore the famous Port de Pêche and Nouakchott fish market. Founded as the new capital for a newly independent nation in 1960, Nouakchott was built from a small fishing village into a sprawling, modern city at the edge of the Sahara Desert. One of the largest cities in the Sahara, it is a fascinating coastal hub where we can experience the vibrant life of its bustling fish market and watch the colorful pirogues come ashore.
From the Atlantic shore we drive back to the hotel for check-out and transfer to the airport.
In the afternoon, international flight back from the country.
Meals included: breakfast
Accommodation: no
* Recommended flight:
— with Air Maroc, departs from Nouakchott on January 21 at 19:55 to Casablanca, layover 16 hours 55 minutes in Casablanca, arrival in Moscow at 0:50 am om January 21,
— with Turkish Airlines, departs from Nouakchott on January 21 at 21:10 to Istanbul, stopover in Istanbul 1 hour 40 minutes, arrival on Moscow at 12:25 on January 21,
— any other flight with departure from Nouakchott not earlier than at 15:00 on January 21.
EXPEDITIONAL TRIP'S LEADERS AND EXPERTS
EXPEDITIONAL TRIP LEADER
Ideologist and team leader of many expeditions, including the first Russian expedition in Niger for Cure Salée festival, the first Russian dog sleds expedition to Cape Dezhnev.
Photographer, author of numerous publications in Discovery and Vokrug Sveta, member of the Russian Geographical Society.
The invincible optimist and tireless heart and brain of MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS!
Ideologist and team leader of many expeditions, including the first Russian expedition in Niger for Cure Salée festival, the first Russian dog sleds expedition to Cape Dezhnev.
Photographer, author of numerous publications in Discovery and Vokrug Sveta, member of the Russian Geographical Society.
The invincible optimist and tireless heart and brain of MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS!
Cost includes:
— accommodation in hotels according to the program on TWIN basis (or on DBL basis for family couples),
— accommodation in big Mauritanian tents on the basis of 4 pax in each tent,
— camping equipment: big Mauritanian tents, mattresses, shower tent, and solar panel for charging batteries,
— Heavy-duty 4WD Toyota Hilux vehicles with working A/C, fuel, experienced drivers, maximum 3 passengers in 1 car,
— very experienced English speaking expert lead guide and cooker throughout the itinerary
— very experienced camel guides who perfectly know the desert,
— personal camel in the caravan for everyone, and additional 8 camels for heavy logistics,
— all airport transfers,
— full board meals (3 times a day),
— mineral drinking water along the entire itinerary (4 liters a day),
— 700 L water drop in Richat: no potable water in the Eye of the Sahara, so mineral water will be dispatched the camel team in advance,
— preliminary scouting the itinerary, in order to balance "fast" rocky terrain and "slow" scenic dunes
— High-performance guiding and safety standards: Garmin GPS, Iridium satellite phone, unlimited Starlink satellite internet and a 4WD vehicle within a 2-hour reachable distance (safety backup) during the entire trekking phase,
— all formalities and permits,
— visit fees, contribution to local communities throughout the trip, all activities according to the program,
— Russian and English speaking team leader Alex Mzungu throughout the itinerary
— expert from Russian geographical society throughout the entire itinerary
— lectures of scientists throughout the entire itinerary
— participation in scientific work: touching the “anthropological kitchen”, learning how to work “in the field”, collecting ethnographic materials (diary entries, photographs, interviews etc).
To be additionally (personally) paid:
— international flight to Nouakchott roundtrip
— Mauritania visa (obtained on arrival in the airport at about 55 EUR)
— international medical insurance
— souvenirs and personal items
— tips
To take with:
1. Clothing (layering is key)
* Base layer: 3 x synthetic or merino wool t-shirts (moisture-wicking, no cotton to avoid chafing).
* Long-sleeve shirt: 1 x lightweight, UV-protected desert shirt (safari style) to prevent sunburn.
* Trousers: 2 x lightweight trekking pants (zip-off are great).
* Insulation: 1 x mid-weight fleece or "Dou Doune" (puffy jacket). The desert drops to 5°C–10°C at night.
* Headwear: 1 x Cheche (tagelmust/turban). Buy a 5-meter cotton one locally in Nouakchott—it’s the best protection against sand and sun.
* Evening: 1 x set of clean, comfortable clothes for the bivouac (cotton is okay here).
2. Footwear (the most Important part)
* Main boots: broken-in trekking shoes or boots. High-top is better to keep sand out.
* Sandals: 1 x pair of trekking sandals (e.g., Teva or Chaco) for evening or walking in soft sand.
* Socks: 5 x pairs of high-quality anti-blister socks (double-layer or merino wool).
* Gaiters: lightweight "desert gaiters" (small backbag) to prevent sand from entering your boots—a lifesaver on 160 km.
3. Sleeping & Comfort
* Sleeping bag: comfort rating 5°C to 10°C.
* Liner: silk or cotton "meat bag" (adds warmth and keeps sand out of the bag).
* Inflatable pillow: small, for neck support.
* Note: foam mattresses are usually provided, but you can bring along inflatable mat for better comfort
4. Health & Hygiene
* Sun protection: SPF 50+ sunscreen, lip balm with UV protection.
* Foot care kit: compeed (blister plasters), antiseptic, medical tape (Leukotape), and small scissors. Blisters are the #1 reason people stop on a 160 km trek.
* Hygiene: biodegradable wet wipes, hand sanitizer, and "dry" shampoo.
* Hydration: electrolyte/rehydration salts (add to your water daily to prevent heat exhaustion).
* Personal hygiene items (toilet paper, towel, wet tissues).
* Personal medical kit (analgesics, sanitizers, rehydration, antiviral, antibiotics, your personal medicine),
* Repellents and anti-malaria preventive pills (the latter is up to you to decide).
5. Hardware & Tech
* Daypack: 20–30L backpack to carry your water, lunch, and camera.
* Water Storage: 3 - 4 L capacity (camelback bladder + 1 MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS flask).
* Headlamp: with extra batteries (essential for the bivouac).
* Power bank: solar chargers work well, but a large 20,000 mAh power bank is more reliable for the trekking
* Sunblock and wind block set: sunglasses: category 3 or 4 (glacier/desert rated), cream, cap, buff/mask, hygiene lipstick
6. Pro-tips
* The 10 kg rule: try to keep your main duffel bag (carried by dromedaries) under 15 -20 kg. It makes loading/unloading faster for the crew.
* Zip-locks: put everything in waterproof/dustproof zip-lock bags. Sahara sand is like flour—it gets into every zipper and electronic device.
* Photo and video camera, tripod, drone
— accommodation in big Mauritanian tents on the basis of 4 pax in each tent,
— camping equipment: big Mauritanian tents, mattresses, shower tent, and solar panel for charging batteries,
— Heavy-duty 4WD Toyota Hilux vehicles with working A/C, fuel, experienced drivers, maximum 3 passengers in 1 car,
— very experienced English speaking expert lead guide and cooker throughout the itinerary
— very experienced camel guides who perfectly know the desert,
— personal camel in the caravan for everyone, and additional 8 camels for heavy logistics,
— all airport transfers,
— full board meals (3 times a day),
— mineral drinking water along the entire itinerary (4 liters a day),
— 700 L water drop in Richat: no potable water in the Eye of the Sahara, so mineral water will be dispatched the camel team in advance,
— preliminary scouting the itinerary, in order to balance "fast" rocky terrain and "slow" scenic dunes
— High-performance guiding and safety standards: Garmin GPS, Iridium satellite phone, unlimited Starlink satellite internet and a 4WD vehicle within a 2-hour reachable distance (safety backup) during the entire trekking phase,
— all formalities and permits,
— visit fees, contribution to local communities throughout the trip, all activities according to the program,
— Russian and English speaking team leader Alex Mzungu throughout the itinerary
— expert from Russian geographical society throughout the entire itinerary
— lectures of scientists throughout the entire itinerary
— participation in scientific work: touching the “anthropological kitchen”, learning how to work “in the field”, collecting ethnographic materials (diary entries, photographs, interviews etc).
To be additionally (personally) paid:
— international flight to Nouakchott roundtrip
— Mauritania visa (obtained on arrival in the airport at about 55 EUR)
— international medical insurance
— souvenirs and personal items
— tips
To take with:
1. Clothing (layering is key)
* Base layer: 3 x synthetic or merino wool t-shirts (moisture-wicking, no cotton to avoid chafing).
* Long-sleeve shirt: 1 x lightweight, UV-protected desert shirt (safari style) to prevent sunburn.
* Trousers: 2 x lightweight trekking pants (zip-off are great).
* Insulation: 1 x mid-weight fleece or "Dou Doune" (puffy jacket). The desert drops to 5°C–10°C at night.
* Headwear: 1 x Cheche (tagelmust/turban). Buy a 5-meter cotton one locally in Nouakchott—it’s the best protection against sand and sun.
* Evening: 1 x set of clean, comfortable clothes for the bivouac (cotton is okay here).
2. Footwear (the most Important part)
* Main boots: broken-in trekking shoes or boots. High-top is better to keep sand out.
* Sandals: 1 x pair of trekking sandals (e.g., Teva or Chaco) for evening or walking in soft sand.
* Socks: 5 x pairs of high-quality anti-blister socks (double-layer or merino wool).
* Gaiters: lightweight "desert gaiters" (small backbag) to prevent sand from entering your boots—a lifesaver on 160 km.
3. Sleeping & Comfort
* Sleeping bag: comfort rating 5°C to 10°C.
* Liner: silk or cotton "meat bag" (adds warmth and keeps sand out of the bag).
* Inflatable pillow: small, for neck support.
* Note: foam mattresses are usually provided, but you can bring along inflatable mat for better comfort
4. Health & Hygiene
* Sun protection: SPF 50+ sunscreen, lip balm with UV protection.
* Foot care kit: compeed (blister plasters), antiseptic, medical tape (Leukotape), and small scissors. Blisters are the #1 reason people stop on a 160 km trek.
* Hygiene: biodegradable wet wipes, hand sanitizer, and "dry" shampoo.
* Hydration: electrolyte/rehydration salts (add to your water daily to prevent heat exhaustion).
* Personal hygiene items (toilet paper, towel, wet tissues).
* Personal medical kit (analgesics, sanitizers, rehydration, antiviral, antibiotics, your personal medicine),
* Repellents and anti-malaria preventive pills (the latter is up to you to decide).
5. Hardware & Tech
* Daypack: 20–30L backpack to carry your water, lunch, and camera.
* Water Storage: 3 - 4 L capacity (camelback bladder + 1 MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS flask).
* Headlamp: with extra batteries (essential for the bivouac).
* Power bank: solar chargers work well, but a large 20,000 mAh power bank is more reliable for the trekking
* Sunblock and wind block set: sunglasses: category 3 or 4 (glacier/desert rated), cream, cap, buff/mask, hygiene lipstick
6. Pro-tips
* The 10 kg rule: try to keep your main duffel bag (carried by dromedaries) under 15 -20 kg. It makes loading/unloading faster for the crew.
* Zip-locks: put everything in waterproof/dustproof zip-lock bags. Sahara sand is like flour—it gets into every zipper and electronic device.
* Photo and video camera, tripod, drone
Why with MZUNGU EXPEDITIONS?
- UNIQUENESS
We find the most astonishing places on Earth and speed up to reach them. Our motto is to go ahead of road roller, touch the unique and unknown, before it disappears. - ADVENTURISM
Wherever we go, we look for challenging activities and adventures, filling the journey with absolutely different spirit and emotions. That is why people join us over and over again. - SAFETY
In our trips we pay special attention to safety. All our travels are based on personal experience, equipped with the best gear, involving proved providers and experienced local guides who perfectly know local features. - EXPERIENCE
We have a unique experience of the most offbeat expeditions and ascents, deep knowledge of countries and peoples, and are ready to share it with you. All the expeditions and climbings are guided by Mzungu himself and professional team leaders, guaranteeing exciting traveling and your comfort. - REASONABLE PRICE
All our trips are reach in adventures, with high quality accommodation, transportation and meals included. We do not save on it. Thanks to solid contacts with reliable providers we offer really good prices and high quality.
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